Paper Title
The Divergence of Ownership Structure and Audit Fee: The Case of Set 100 Thailand

Abstract
This study aims to examine the relationship between the divergence of ownership structure and audit fee after controlling for firm characteristics, as well as the types of auditor. The divergence of ownership structure is measured by the percent of divergence between the control and cash flow rights of the largest ultimate owners. By using pyramidal and crossshareholding structures, on average, the largest ultimate owners of the sample firms are seen to have excess control rights at 16.91 %, with a maximum and minimum of 93.09% and 0.00%. The cross-sectional regression analysis also shows a significantly negative relationship between the divergence of ownership structure and audit fee. Additionally, there is a negative relation between firm profitability and audit fee. However, firm size, firm leverage, and BIG4 are positively associated with audit fee. Index terms - Divergence of Ownership Structure, Audit Fee, Cash Flow Right, Voting Right, SET 100 Thailand