Paper Title
The Impact of High-Rise Opening-Building Design on Urban Microclimate Under The Tod Volume Incentive Policy: A Case Study of Nanjing Fuxing MRT Station

Abstract
Taiwan is the fourth most urbanized country in Asia. In recent years, in response to the rapid urbanization and dense population, the government has implemented TOD (Transit-Oriented Development) volume incentives policy to maximize the efficiency of land use. However, high-density buildings that result from the high-volume policy create a wall effect that obstructs urban ventilation. This study utilizes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to select a rectangular ideal urban model on Nanjing Fuxing Station Street to investigate the impact of opening building designs on the urban wind and temperature fields. The simulation results indicate that opening building designs can improve urban ventilation and effectively alleviate the wall effect on wind environments. The opening building designs exhibit positive effects on wind speed enhancement and temperature reduction compared to non-opening building designs, with the greatest benefits observed in the upwind area: wind speed increased by 0.47m/s (152%) and temperature decreased by 1.3℃ (3.9%). The closer to the opening, the better the wind speed enhancement benefits: at the opening of 69m (1.01m/s, 230%) > 110m (0.28m/s, 82%) > at the pedestrian level of 1.5m (0.12m/s, 80%). Therefore, buildings should adopt opening building designs at high elevations to form a contraction effect at the opening to effectively guide airflows into the pedestrian level and improve human comfort and living quality. Keywords - Urban Heat Island Effect, High-rise Opening building, TOD, Urban Wind Environment, CFD Analysis